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and gas turbines).
* The external flow over all kinds of vehicles such as cars, airplanes, ships, and submarines.
* The motions of matter in stellar atmospheres.
* A jet exhausting from a nozzle into a quiescent fluid. As the flow emerges into this external fluid, shear layers originating at the lips of the nozzle are created. These layers separate the fast moving jet from the external fluid, and at a certain critical Reynolds number they become unstable and break down to turbulence.
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