other Institutes of Technology have delegated authority from HETAC to make awards to and including master's degree level--Level 9 of Ireland's National Framework for Qualifications (NFQ)--for all areas of study and Doctorate level in a number of others. In 2018, Ireland passed the Technological Universities Act, which allowed a number of Institutes of Technology to transform into Technological Universities.

In a number of countries, although now generally considered similar institutions of higher learning, polytechnics and institutes