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also have poorly functioning neutrophils. LAD1, a subtype of LAD, is caused by a lack of integrins that contain the beta subunit, including LFA-1. LAD1 is characterized by recurring bacterial infection, delayed (>30 days) separation of umbilical cord, ineffective wound healing and pus formation, and granulocytosis. LAD1 is caused by low expression of CD11 and CD18. CD18 is found on chromosome 21 and CD11 is found on chromosome 16.