air, but in others, long-distance travel by rail is popular or the only affordable option.

High-speed rail

One notable and growing long-distance train category is high-speed rail, which generally runs at speeds above 200 km/h and often operates on dedicated tracks that are surveyed and prepared to accommodate high speeds. The first successful example of a high-speed passenger rail system was Japan's Shinkansen, colloquially known as the "bullet train", which commenced operation in October

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