of Uttar Pradesh, with the leader of the latter movement, Swami Achyutanand, requesting a meeting of the Ad-Dharmis and Adi-Hindus of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi in 1926 to organize a united force. There were also some tentative calls for an independent state known as Achhutistan ("land for untouchables").

In 1931, the British colonial administration recognized the Ad-Dharmis as a separate religious community apart from Hinduism and Sikhism. The Hindu leaders had opposed the Ad-Dharmis being classified as a distinct religious group