molecular analyses confirmed the presence of TB DNA. In Europe, the earliest confirmed cases come from the Early Neolithic Linear Pottery culture sites in Germany (5400-4800 BCE).

A controversial finding reported in 2014 based on DNA from 1,000-year-old skeletons in Peru suggested that tuberculosis might have been transmitted to humans from seals, possibly originating only 6,000 years ago. However, subsequent research has challenged this interpretation. The Peruvian samples showed evidence