at Kodumanal and dates to the 5th century BCE. Mahurjhari, near Nagpur, was a major centre of bead manufacturing during the early historic period.

In a broader context, limited use of iron is attested in the Middle East from c. 3000 BCE, but iron metallurgy became widespread only after c. 1200 BCE, when iron increasingly replaced bronze in tools and weapons, marking the conventional beginning of the Iron Age.

Pakistan

Charsadda

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