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pre-allocate the resources prior to releasing the job to run. This helps to avoid "deadlock", where job A holds resource R1 and requests resource R2, while concurrently running job B holds resource R2 and requests R1. In such cases the only solution is for the computer operator to terminate one of the jobs, which then needs to be restarted. With job control, if job A is scheduled to run, job B will not be started until job A completes or releases

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