rest submerged under water, e.g. water lily and frogbit.

Therophytes

These are annual plants that complete their lives rapidly in favorable conditions and survive the unfavorable cold or dry season in the form of seeds. About 6% of plants are therophytes but their proportion is much higher in regions with a hot, dry summer.

Aerophytes

Aerophytes were a later addition to the system. These are plants that

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