of spiracle closures can affect the respiratory rates of the organism. Spiracles may also be surrounded by hairs to minimize bulk air movement around the opening, and thus minimize water loss.

In larger insects, spiracle control is more complex and critical for managing gas exchange due to their higher metabolic demands. Larger insects, such as locusts and some beetles, exhibit active ventilation, where spiracle control works in concert with abdominal movements. These abdominal contractions force air in and out of the tracheal system,