as well as the isle of Cadzand, as the reward for helping France in the then impending war against the Dutch Republic. In the event, the Dutch resistance -- much stronger than anticipated -- managed to repulse the French-English attack, and the treaty was not implemented.

Napoleonic Wars

Beginning on 30 July 1809, a British expeditionary force of 39,000 men landed on Walcheren, intending

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