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Once a mother has given birth to a child with iniencephaly, risk of reoccurrence increases to 1-5%.

Pathogenesis

The exact pathogenesis of iniencephaly is still unknown though there are proposed theories, most of which view the neural tube malformation from the primary neural anomaly standpoint.Marin-Padilla has proposed that the cause for the abnormalities has to do with a deficiency in the primary mesoderm. P. Erdinçler, et al. suggests from their findings

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