The 1931 census of Palestine was the second census carried out by the authorities of Mandatory Palestine. It was carried out on 18 November 1931 under the direction of Major E. Mills. A previous census had been carried out in 1922, but no further census was conducted in Palestine by the British administration.

The census found a total population of 1,035,821 (1,033,314 excluding the numbers of H.M. Forces),