Francesco Crispi (4 October 1818 - 11 August 1901) was an Italian revolutionary, statesman, and politician. During his tenure as Prime Minister, he pursued an anti-French foreign policy, promoting the Triple Alliance and the colonial expansion of Italy, while domestically he cracked down harshly on social protest movements. Between 1887 and 1896, Crispi led a total of four governments.

Born in Sicily into a family of Italo-Albanian