The Johor Sultanate ( or ??????? ????; also called the Sultanate of Johor, Johor-Pahang-Riau-Lingga, or the Johor Empire) was founded by Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah's son, Alauddin Riayat Shah II in 1528.

Prior to being a sultanate of its own right, Johor had been part of the Malaccan Sultanate before the Portuguese