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Llywelyn ab Iorwerth (, 1173 - 11 April 1240), also known as or Llywelyn the Great, was Prince of Gwynedd from 1199 until his death in 1240. His reign saw Gwynedd transformed from a territory suffering from thirty years of civil war into a polity which could exercise suzerainty over most other native Welsh rulers. He received official recognition of his status from the English Crown, but experienced difficulty establishing lasting control over

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