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The Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 (NGPA) is federal legislation that was enacted as a response to US natural gas shortages of 1976-77. It was enacted for the following motivations:

* To create a balance between natural gas supply and demand,
* Create a national gas market, and
* Transition to market-based prices.

In the 1970s, natural gas was persistently in short supply throughout the 1970s, largely because of wellhead price regulation and the 1973 OPEC

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