The Prêmio Jabuti (the "Tortoise Prize") is the most traditional literary award in Brazil, given by the Câmara Brasileira do Livro. It was conceived by Edgard Cavalheiro in 1959 when he presided over the CBL, with the interest of rewarding authors, editors, illustrators, graphics and booksellers who stood out each year.

In 1959, there were only seven categories: Literature, Cover, Illustration, Editor of the Year, Chart of the Year, Bookseller of the Year and Literary Personality.