Thomas Vicary (c. 1490-1561) was an early English physician, surgeon and anatomist.

Vicary was born in Kent, in about 1490. He was described as "but a meane practiser in Maidstone ... that had gained his knowledge by experience, until the King advanced him for curing his sore leg". Henry VIII advanced him to the position of sergeant-surgeon to the Royal Household, and he became a leading surgeon in the City of London,