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There were numerous escape attempts and victims of the inner German border during its 45 years of existence from 1945 to 1990.

Refugee flows and escape attempts

Between 1945 and 1988, around 4 million East Germans migrated to the West. 3.454 million of them left between 1945 and the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961. The great majority simply walked across the border or, after 1952, exited through West Berlin.

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