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named after the developmental biologist Pieter Nieuwkoop, is a cluster of dorsal vegetal cells in a blastula which produce both mesoderm-inducing and dorsalizing signals. Signals from the Nieuwkoop center induce the Spemann-Mangold organizer, thus the Nieuwkoop Center is known as the organizer of the organizer. Even with the BCNE center (Blastula chordin and noggin expression center) removed from the blastula, the Nieuwkoop Center is able to induce formation of the Spemann-Mangold

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